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9. Moisture Content

An active compost pile does best at about 50 to 60 percent moisture. To measure it precisely, weigh a sample, dry it out completely, and weigh it again. Subtract the dry weight from the wet weight, divide that difference by the original wet weight, and multiply by 100 to get the moisture percentage.

The simpler method is the squeeze test. Grab a handful: if water drips out, it's too wet; if it crumbles apart, it's too dry. If it holds its shape without releasing water, like a wrung-out sponge, the moisture is right where you want it.

moisture content, water, handful, crumbles Grahamphoto23 / Getty Images

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