Cloves are the dietary source with the largest quantity of polyphenols. Eugenol is the primary phytochemical in clove, and gallic acid is also present in high levels. These and other clove compounds exhibit antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal properties. Eugenol helps inhibit the growth of more than 30 strains of Helicobacter pylori, even showing more potency than an antibiotic commonly used to treat the bacterial infection. Cloves carry 15,188 mg polyphenols in 100 g.

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