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2. Understanding ALS risk factors

Though 90 to 95 percent of ALS cases occur sporadically, research has identified several contributing factors. These include genetic mutations, chronic inflammation in the nervous system, and oxidative stress. Environmental exposures may also play a role. Risk appears higher among those with military service, a history of head trauma, or prolonged exposure to pesticides, heavy metals, or electromagnetic fields. The lifetime risk of developing ALS is roughly 1 in 350 for men and 1 in 400 for women.

Young woman smoking a cigarette outdoors. VioletaStoimenova/ Getty Images

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