Understanding and Managing Mpox (Monkeypox)

4. How it spreads

Mpox primarily spreads through direct contact. In Congo, some cases come from contact with animals like squirrels, shrews, prairie dogs, and monkeys and are spread through scratches, bites, or eating contaminated game. Many of the deaths in Congo have been among children under 15, but kids in the U.S. would be less vulnerable as a result of lower exposure and generally better health. Exotic animals can pass the virus to house pets and owners.

Mpox can also spread from person to person through respiratory droplets and face-to-face interactions such as talking. Human-to-human transmission can occur from direct contact with body fluids or sheets, blankets, or clothes that come in contact with an infected person. Sexual transmission is a significant factor in the spread of the disease. The 2022 outbreak primarily affected men who have intercourse with men. In addition, infected pregnant individuals can pass mpox to the fetus.