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2. Causes

Skull defects leading to Chiari malformation have various causes. The most common is primary Chiari malformation, which occurs during fetal development due to either genetic mutation or a lack of necessary vitamins and minerals. Acquired secondary forms of Chiari malformation occur later in life as a result of infection, disease, surgery that leads to excessive loss of spinal fluid, or trauma, and are less common.

Types of Chiari Malformation BlackJack3D / Getty Images

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