Without treatment, aplastic anemia is life-threatening. Recent research shows that with treatment, the five-year survival rate is between 70-80% for people under 40. For people over 40, the five-year survival rate is 50%. Survival rates are even higher if the person finds a well-matched stem cell donor. Relapses are common, as is the graft-versus-host disease following transplant treatments. In graft-versus-host, the body attacks new stem cells, causing many medical issues. Therefore, long-term monitoring of aplastic anemia is required.

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