Between the vertebrae are discs of jelly-like cartilage that prevent the bones from rubbing against each other. Whether due to injury or wear and tear, this cartilage can rupture and apply pressure to the nerve root, causing back pain. Herniated discs are the source of sciatica, which occurs when a nerve root is so irritated that shooting pain or numbness affects one or both legs. Initially, doctors may recommend rest and physical therapy techniques to strengthen the back. Some people with herniated discs require medications or surgery.

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