What is the Pineal Gland?

3. Hormones the Pineal Gland Produces

Melatonin is the primary hormone produced by the pineal gland; it creates and regulates the circadian rhythm or the 24-hour cycle of life for humans. The rhythm manages sleep and wakefulness, as well as eating patterns and times of activity or more active brain wave periods. A regulated pattern of sleep and wake helps the body restore and replenish cells, fight off infections, and engage in processes such as eating, drinking, and movement, that keep it healthy and functioning. Melatonin levels vary - they are produced more and less throughout a year, following a seasonal pattern. They also increase and decrease as the body changes, most notably during puberty and menopause.

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