Diagnosis typically begins with a physical exam, during which a physician will listen to the patient's respiratory sounds. A chest x-ray may follow. In some cases, the doctor will perform other tests to confirm the diagnosis, such as CT scans, ultrasounds, or bronchoscopies, the last of which involves inserting a thin, flexible tube through the mouth or nose and into the lungs. A simple test called oximetry also helps determine the severity of the disease.

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