Seizures are common in End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) and serious cases of acute renal failure. They are especially common among those on dialysis. Seizures occur when there is abnormal electrical activity in the brain. During kidney failure, there is an imbalance in electrolytes—like calcium and potassium—in the body. Patients on dialysis may suffer from seizures due to hemodynamic instability, aluminum intoxication, or dialysis disequilibrium syndrome.

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