10 Causes of Kidney Infection

8. Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR)

Typically, the flow of urine in the body runs from the kidneys, through to the ureters and into the bladder. Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is when the urine flows backward from the bladder into the kidneys. There are two ways in which vesicoureteral reflux occurs. Primary VUR is a defect in the valve at the end of the urine tube, which is likely there from birth. Secondary vesicoureteral reflux is when there's an obstruction in the urine tube blocking the fluid from its natural pathway. The obstacles are in the urethra or bladder which may be caused by a pinch, stone, tumor, or a blockage from an injury. This interference causes the urine to stop and go backward. Some of the more common symptoms of VUR are urinary tract infections, fever, not being able to empty the bladder, and flu-like aches.