Present at birth, heart abnormalities play a large role in the development of pulmonary material hypertension. Known as congenital heart disorders, or defects, there is the possibility of surgery on an infant with the defect. Surgery on a baby's heart is always going to difficult for all parties involved, but if left unrepaired it can lead to further problems. Not only PAH but also many other problems in life such as increased pulmonary vascular resistance and obstructive arteriopathy.

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