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7. Rod Monochromacy

Rods are the other type of photoreceptors in the eye, alongside cones. About 120 million rods in the eye are sensitive to light and are responsible for night vision. While rods aren't sensitive to color, the light received affects the colors perceived. Rod monochromacy or congenital achromatopsia is severe color blindness from birth. Because the cones have photopigments -- pigments in the retina that depend on illumination -- the world is limited to black, white, and grey. These individuals are also uncomfortable in bright environments. Between one in 30,000 and one in 50,000 individuals have rod monochromacy.

monochromacy color blindness

Oruj Hummatov / Getty Images

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