Lupus is a disease that causes the body's immune system to attack healthy tissue. It also causes inflammation and swelling, which can affect the eyes. Lupus can cause a condition called retinal vasculitis that reduces blood flow to the retina and can cause blood and fluid to leak into the retina or the macula. The person may then experience loss of their central vision. Scleritis, inflammation of the white area of the eye (the sclera) can also occur. This can cause blurred vision and light sensitivity. Occasionally, a person with lupus may develop optic neuritis, an inflammation of the optic nerve that can cause vision loss.

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