Beyond irritation or congestion, physical obstructions can develop in the nose and block the flow of air. Some people are born with congenital bone deformities that impair their sense of smell. They may also be prone to chronic sinusitis, which may cause anosmia. Individuals may develop teardrop- or grape-shaped growths along their nasal passages or sinuses. These nasal polyps are typically soft, painless, and benign. However, if they grow too large, they can block airflow.

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