Social Security Spousal Benefits Explained

5. What Happens If You Take Social Security Spousal Benefits Early?

If your spouse files for Social Security benefits before reaching full retirement age, your spousal benefits are reduced. Expect a reduction of 25/36 of 1% (8.33% per year) for every month before full retirement age, up to 36 months. You'll be docked an additional 5/12 of 1% (5% per year) for every month beyond the 36 months. This reduction is permanent. If you earn more income after taking early benefits, you may even have to pay some back. (This doesn't happen if you go back to work after reaching your full retirement age.) If your spouse takes Social Security early, you don't have to take your spousal benefits early. Taking early benefits also affects any survivor benefits you or your spouse will receive if either of you dies.

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