White spot discoloration, also known as leukonychia, is the most common nail abnormality. It occurs when the layers of keratin that make up the nail get separated or damaged, or air gets trapped between them, usually as a result of trauma. Another common cause is a fungal infection.
White bands, on the other hand, may be an indication of a vitamin deficiency, liver or heart disease, diabetes, or a reaction to chemotherapy drugs.

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