The tertiary stage of syphilis can infect the brain, causing a condition known as neurosyphilis. After about 20 years without treatment, up to 40% of syphilis affected individuals start suffering from this symptom. Syphilis doesn't only infect the brain, but also the entire nervous system, including the spinal cord. Neurosyphilis causes severe symptoms, such as dementia, abnormal gait, blindness, psychosis, seizures, depression, and atrophy. Doctors can also treat this condition with antibiotics, but the period of active infection can leave sufferers with permanent damage.

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