What Is Priapism and Why Should You See a Doctor?

8. Diagnosis

Doctors use various methods to identify the type of priapism and possible causes. A urine test determines the drugs in the system, including illicit drugs like cocaine, which is a known cause of priapism. A non-invasive ultrasound measures blood flow, which would reveal any blockages, and blood tests show platelet counts and evidence of diseases such as sickle cell or cancer. Doctors may also use a needle to remove a blood sample from the penis, both visual and laboratory examinations. The color of the blood is a primary indicator. Bright red blood means non-ischemic priapism is likely, while black blood shows ischemia. The sample is then tested for certain blood gases, to confirm the diagnosis.