A hiatal hernia describes the abdominal organs slipping through the diaphragm into the middle compartment of the chest.

Journal of the American Medical Association

Best Practice and Research Clinical Gastroenterology

Best Practice and Research - Clinical Gastroenterology

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A hernia is formed when an internal organ pushes through another part of the body, such as a muscle wall. A hernia forms when there is muscle weakness and extra strain. Being pregnant, constipated, gaining weight, persistent coughing and lifting a heavy weight can all lead to a hernia. A painful lump may be visible, as well as feeling pressure in the area, or there may be no visible symptoms, depending on the type of a hernia.

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An Inguinal hernia is the most common type. The Inguinal canal is the area of the groin that holds the uterus, in women, and holds the spermatic cord, and by extension, the testes, in men. In men, this area is specifically prone to weakness, and a hernia may develop. A Hiatal hernia is formed when a part of the stomach protrudes through the diaphragm, and into the chest. An umbilical hernia is quite common in children; the intestines may push against the abdominal wall. Surgery may be required.

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