Individuals with high-risk monoclonal gammopathy typically have an M-protein level of more than 15 g/L, IgM or IgA type M-protein in the blood, and an abnormal free light chain ratio. If all three features are present, there is a 58% chance of these individuals developing multiple myeloma or related disorder within the next 20 years; the presence of only one or two of the three features lowers the risk exponentially.

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