After entering the shallow space behind the knee, the popliteal fossa, the femoral artery becomes the popliteal artery, which provides blood to the knee, patella, and lower extremities as well as portions of the hamstring muscles. It branches off into the various genicular and sural arteries. Genicular arteries are a collection of six arteries in the legs that connect to the knee region, while sural arteries provide blood to the calf.

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