Sometimes people who sustain acute blood loss due to injury or complications of surgery require blood transfusions. Certain infections or liver disease stop the body from making healthy amounts of blood in the bone marrow. Illnesses such as anemia, kidney disease, and cancer can destroy healthy blood cells. Also, these conditions may impede the production and maturation of stem cells into healthy blood cells. Lastly, rare conditions such as hemophilia and thrombocytopenia can cause acute, unpredictable blood loss.

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