The gastric mucosa rarely returns to a completely normal and healthy state after chronic pangastritis. Severe changes in the mucosa or the presence of pre-cancerous lesions may require monitoring with an annual upper endoscopy. Pernicious anemia from pangastritis is not always reversible. It develops due to a lack of a specific substance in the stomach necessary for digestion and absorption of vitamin B12. If pernicious anemia persists after treatment for pangastritis, regular B12 injections can help manage symptoms.

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