Pulmonary hypertension can be caused when the blood pressure in the lungs becomes elevated abnormally. Lung disease can cause this problem, leading to PAH. Lung diseases such as emphysema and pulmonary fibrosis are two of the major factors for group 3: pulmonary hypertension caused by lung disease. Also included in this category are interstitial lung disease, sarcoidosis, histiocytosis X, cystic fibrosis and pulmonary fibrosis. Sleep disorders and sleep apnea also contribute to lung problems and the onset of pulmonary arterial hypertension.

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