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6. Histology matters: Differentiating features

When doctors look at tubular adenomas under a microscope, they check for changes in the cells. This is called histology.

  • Low-grade dysplasia means the cells look only slightly different from normal.
  • High-grade dysplasia means the cells look more abnormal and are more likely to turn into cancer.

Polyps with high-grade dysplasia need closer follow-up and may be more serious.

Microscopic image of an adenoma. Adenomas are premalignant (precancerous) polyps of the colon and rectum. Colonoscopy can prevent cancer by removing adenomas before they transform to cancer.

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