HCO3 is a byproduct of metabolism the lungs release as CO2 or carbon dioxide. The kidneys also help regulate HCO2, so variations in this value can reflect kidney function changes. High levels can indicate metabolic alkalosis and conditions such as COPD, anorexia, and dehydration. Low levels can indicate metabolic acidosis, reflecting kidney or liver problems, diabetes-related conditions, and diarrhea.

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