Chagas Disease: Causes, Symptoms, and How It’s Managed

3. Where Does Chagas Disease Occur in the World?

Chagas disease occurs mainly in Mexico, Central America, and South America, where it is considered endemic. In these regions, triatomine bugs often hide in cracks in mud or adobe walls or in thatched roofs, increasing the risk of contact with humans. Although related insects exist in other parts of the world, Chagas disease itself is rare outside the Americas.

Cases have also been reported in the southern United States, particularly in Texas, California, Arizona, Louisiana, Tennessee, Missouri, Mississippi, and Arkansas. While most U.S. infections were acquired elsewhere, local transmission by triatomine bugs has been documented, making the disease low-level endemic in some regions according to experts. These bugs can carry the parasite and live both inside homes and outside in wildlife habitats. Recognizing their presence is important for awareness, timely diagnosis, and prevention.

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