Dehydration is the most serious immediate concern with an E. coli infection. Vomiting, diarrhea, and sweating can drain the body of fluids very quickly, and if left unchecked, dehydration can escalate to kidney failure. Take small, frequent sips of water throughout the day, or use ice chips if drinking normally is too difficult. Dark yellow urine or a notable reduction in how much you're urinating are warning signs that you need medical attention — a doctor can provide IV fluids to rehydrate you safely and quickly.

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