Lethargy has many causes. If it comes with headaches and mental changes, hyponatremia might be the cause. Athletes may experience extreme lethargy if they drink too much water. They suffer when they fail to replace it with sodium. Fatigue is common when exercising, but extreme lethargy is not.
If lethargy is a sign of acute hyponatremia, you can relieve it by restoring the sodium balance. An intravenous infusion of sodium solution may be necessary. If there is no underlying health problem, the kidneys will maintain the balance on their own. If there are underlying health problems, addressing them is important.

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