During menstruation, women experience various hormonal shifts. Hormones are responsible for the blood supply to gum tissue, as well as the body's reaction to toxins and bacteria in the mouth. Thus, women may be more susceptible to oral problems — such as canker sores, bleeding gums, and swollen salivary glands — during menstruation. Also, the mucosal lining of a woman's oral cavity is increased during menstruation, making the mouth more prone to injury and canker sores.

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