A diagnosis of anencephaly can easily be made after a baby is born because the physical defects are visible. Bones are often missing in the back of the head and may also be incomplete on the sides or front of the head. In areas where the skull or scalp are missing, brain tissue may be visible. Anencephaly can also cause folded ears, poor reflexes, and a cleft palate. A baby with anencephaly may also have heart defects.

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